Social Deviance

Addressing the Issues of U .S . PrisonsNo doubt that the U .S . prison house frame has ballooned beyond anyone s expectations , expanding from 500 ,000 prisoners in 1978 to nearly 2 million in 2001 . The U .S . incarceration rate leads the world . With less than 5 part of the world s people , the United States holds 25 pct of the world s prisoners . The yearly cost of operating U .S prisons and jails is estimated at 40 billion and constitutes the nation s largest , costliest program in benignant services (Marciniak , 2002 p . 10 . Taking into account its chiefly long sentences , and its massive gain in prison world (from 200 ,000 in 1970 , to 800 ,000 in 1990 , to 1 .7 million in 1997 , to 2 million in 2001 , the increase of prisoner commonwealth is quite imposingWhy should Americans be concerned about the overcrowding in prisons up to now take this case in Venezuela , which has slightly of the worst prison crowding problems in the world . Its thirty- terce prisons , built to house of operations 15 ,000 inmates , now hold more than than 24 ,000 . In 1994 , 274 inmates were killed by separate inmates in Venezuelan jails . The dodge generally ignores all minimum standards of hygiene , medical upkeep , and security . According to Joan Mariner of the Human Rights catch out in in the buff York , every aspect of the system is overloaded and not go (Times , 1998 ,. A30 According to the Human Rights Watch , military group may be a factor in many another(prenominal) prison deaths , scarce the most common causes of death ar the spread of distempers and the later(prenominal) lack of medical cargon that are promulgate by prison crowding . As reported by some cases , inmates acquire HIV /AIDS as a allow of sharing dirty needles or having sexual meeting with other inmates in other cases , inmates enter prison with the disease . I! n 1995 it was estimated that over 27 ,000 inmates in the U .S .

prison system were infected with HIV or AIDS (Human Rights Watch Website , 1995One of the more feasible options to alleviate the ballooning prison population would be appropriate renewal programs for prisoners In fact , advances suck up occurred in many countries in the form of improved prison conditions and an increase in the different kinds of rehabilitation programs available to keep back the alarming increase and the costs of maintaining prisoners . For instance , German prisons are know for their extensive use of rehabilitation programs . In a consider of five German prisons , it was determined that at least(prenominal) three features strongly support the rehabilitative philosophy (1 ) rum environmental conditions (2 ) extensive work and training opportunities , and (3 club consolidation programs (Dammer , 1996 . In the U .S , nearly all states have conventional mediate sanctions for certain types of offenses . Some of these alternatives are aimed at the wrongdoer nub abuse treatment programs , sexual offender rehabilitation programs , work-release programs , and rest home surveillance . Other statutory alternatives , such(prenominal) as community service programs , day fines , and restitution centers , charge on restoring the community or the victim (Posner , 1998 ,. 1947Fact is...If you want to get a proficient essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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