Existentialism vs. Phenomenology Essay

Existentialism vs. Phenomenology and the re postee to Hegelian Idealism Absolute idealism was a huge part of Western culture but through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the superior semipolitical movement took place. Marxism was this great political movement. The movement had an affect on theology and art. Jean-Paul Sartre, a continental philosopher who lived in the nineteenth century was an existentialist. slightly of the main themes of extentialism be Traditional and academic philosophy is sterile and opposed from the concerns of real flavour. Philosophy must focus on the several(prenominal) in her or his confrontation with the world. The world is nonsensical (or, in any neverthelesst, beyond radical comprehending or accurate conceptualizing through philosophy). The world is absurd, in the sand that no ultimate explanation do-nothing be given for why it is the fashion it is. Senselessness, emptiness, triviality, separation, and inability to communicate perv ade human race innovation, giving kind to anxiety, dread, self-doubt, and despair. The individual confronts, as the most important fact of human existence, the compulsion to choose how he or she is to live within this absurd and irrational world. (Moore-Bruder, 2005)The extentialist believed that there was no answer to the existential predicament. They submit look terminate just now deteriorate and without struggling through animation a person can find no meaning or value to the manner they lead. Some of these themes had already been introduce before Jean-Paul Sartre came up the additions. The philosophers, Arthur Schopenhauer, Soren Kierkegaard, and Friedrich Nietzsche were the contributors to these themes. All triplet had a strong distaste for the optimistic idealism of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and for metaphysical systems in general.Such philosophy, they thought, ignored the human predicament. For all three the universe, including its human inhabitants, is rar ely rational, and philosophic systems that seek to make everything seem rational are just futile attempts to overcome pessimism and despair. Soren Keirkegaards fundamental question in life was is there anything in this world or outside it to which the individual can cling to keep from being swept a manner by the loathsomeness tides of despair? He was as almost entirely concerned with how and what the individual actually chooses in the face of doubt and uncertainty.He thought the only way to be grated relief from despair was to have a total commitment to God. Friedrich Nietzsche was convinced that the world was run by a cosmic force and that it is driven by impart to power or will power. This way of thinking was quite different from Keirkegarrd. Nietsche believed you had to control your own destiny and seize what was yours. He led a more(prenominal) exciting life, a more passionate nonpareil. Keirkegaard was very depressed and spent most of his life battling despair but found c omfort in God.Nietzsche used to say Which is it, is man one of Gods blunders or is God one of mans? While both of these men had different views from each other they agreed to disagree with extentialism. Existentialism as a philosophical movement was something of a direct reaction to perceived social ills and was embraced by artists and writers as much as by philosophers So it is not surprise that two of the greatest existentialist philosophers, Albert Camus and Jean-Paul Sartre, wrote drama, novels, and political tracts as well as philosophical works.Phenomenology interests itself in the essential structures found within the stream of advised experiencethe stream of phenomenaas these structures manifest themselves independently of the assumptions and presuppositions of science. (Moore-Bruder, 2005) Phenomenology, much more than existentialism, has been a product of philosophers rather than of artists and writers. But like existentialism, phenomenology has had enormous continue ou tside philosophical circles. It has been especially influential in theology, the social and political sciences, and psychology and psychoanalysis.Phenomena is the distinction between the way something is immediately experienced and the way it is. Both Hegel and Kant were philosophers of Phenomenology. Also, Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger were phenomenologists. Husserl introduced transcendental phenomenology, whose purpose it was to investigate phenomena To investigate phenomena in this way is to bracket or exclude ones presupposition about the existence or temperament of an external or physical or accusive world. Husserl called this process phenomenological reduction without making any assumptions about the world.Heidegger, too, was convinced that it was demand to look at things with fresh eyes, unshrouded by the presuppositions of the present and past. According to Heidegger, we are basically ignorant about the thing that matters most the true nature of Being. It is usuall y with reference to his earlier work that Heidegger is sometimes called an existentialist. Heidegger himself resisted this appellation. Yet he was very much influenced by Kierkegaard and Nietzsche, and the concern expressed in his beforehand(predicate) works with such existentialist themes as fear, dread, meaninglessness, and death is quite evident.Sartre canvass in Germany for a brief time in the 1930s and was influenced by Heidegger. Sartre attributed the concept of abandonment to Heidegger, and Sartre and Heidegger both were concerned with the concepts of bad faith, authenticity, a lifes project, and others. In philosophy it is true that each view even if they are opposing influence one another. In the last trio of the twentieth century, diverse Continental voices were raised against what they saw as peculiar assumptions about the meaning of right and wrong, the nature of language, and the very possibility of human self-understanding.Some Continental philosophers have been su spicious about Western metaphysical systems that they claim lead to the manipulation of nature or that set up a certain ethnic or cultural perspective as absolute truth. As the years go by new philosophers separate out to prove the others wrong and so is the development of philosophy always on going. Reference Moore-Bruder. 2005. Metaphysics and Epistemology Existence and Knowledge The Continental Tradition. The Power of Ideas, Sixth Edition. Mc-Graw Hill.